P3 DNA Report example

P3 DNA Test Report


Sample ID: PXXXXX

Aquarium name: Mixed main reef

Sample Name: 2nd test

Sample date: 02/04/2026

Introduction to REEFLABS' P3 test report

This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the potentially harmful organisms detected in your aquarium sample, including pests, parasites, pathogens and toxic algae. Using advanced DNA sequencing technology, the test identifies species at a molecular level, offering insights beyond what traditional observation methods can detect. Our goal is to help you take proactive steps to maintain a healthy and thriving aquatic environment.

In the following sections, you'll find:

  • Sample overview: summary of the diversity of your sample.
  • Aquarium Threats: breakdown of harmful organisms found, if any, across pathogens, parasites, pests, and toxic algae.
  • Community Composition (eDNA): the wider organism community detected in your sample, beyond the targeted pest panel.

Sample overview

Sample Summary
Number of DNA strands sequenced 49,564
Diversity (Total species detected) 317
Threats detected 11

Aquarium Threats

Detected organisms are shown directly below each category; sections with no detections are collapsed behind "See full screening table".

Pathogens

Pathogens are microorganisms that cause diseases in animals and other organisms. In aquariums, they can lead to infections, weakened immune systems, and outbreaks that threaten the health of fish, corals, and other inhabitants. Identifying and managing pathogens early is essential to maintaining a healthy and thriving tank.

1 of 33 screened organisms detected

Host Common name Description Species Results % DNA
Fish Marine Ich Ciliate parasites known to cause the fish disease Marine Ich/whitespot disease. Cryptocaryon irritans Detected 0.1270%
See full screening table (33 organisms screened, 1 detected)
Host Common name Description Species Results % DNA
Fish Marine velvet Dinoflagellate parasite responsible for the fish disease Marine Velvet. 1 species screened ND
Fish Uronema Ciliate parasites known to cause Scuticociliatosis in fish. 14 species screened ND
Fish Marine Ich Ciliate parasites known to cause the fish disease Marine Ich/whitespot disease. Cryptocaryon irritans Detected 0.1270%
Clams and bivalves Perkinsus Parasitic alveolates associated with Pinched Mantle Syndrome in giant clams. 2 species screened ND
Fish Brooklynella Ciliate parasites known to cause the fish disease Brooklynella. 1 species screened ND
Fish Amoebic gill disease Parasitic amoebae infecting fish gills. 2 species screened ND
Fish Black yeast (Exophiala fungi) Exophiala species are opportunistic fungal pathogens that can cause Phaeohyphomycosis in fish with weak/compromised immune system. Symptoms include skin lesions and ulcers, nodules and granulomas in internal organs, bulging eyes, and in some cases, mortality. 3 species screened ND
Fish Ichthyophonus Pathogenic protist causing ichthyophoniasis. Infected fish may show abnormal swimming, lethargy, emaciation, colour changes, distended abdomen, bulging eyes, and mortality. 2 species screened ND
Coral Skeletal Eroding Band (SEB) Ciliated protozoan that causes the disease SEB. The disease leaves visible black band that slowly advances over healthy tissue. 1 species screened ND
Fish Coccidiosis Coccidian parasites (apicomplexans) infecting the intestine and internal organs of fish, causing coccidiosis. 4 species screened ND
Coral Brown-Band Disease (BBD) Parasitic ciliate associated with Brown-Band Disease on Acropora; ciliate mat digests living tissue causing RTN. 1 species screened ND
Fish Candidiasis Candida parapsilosis is an opportunistic yeast pathogen that can infect fish with weakened or compromised immune systems. 1 species screened ND

Parasites

Parasites are organisms that live on or inside a host, deriving nutrients at the host’s expense. In aquariums, parasites can infect fish, corals, and invertebrates, causing diseases, stress, secondary infection and potential mortality if left untreated.

1 of 260 screened organisms detected

Host Common name Description Species Results % DNA
Coral Acropora-eating flat worm Coral-eating flatworms that feed on corals in the genus Acropora. Prosthiostomum acroporae Detected 1.20400%
See full screening table (260 organisms screened, 1 detected)
Host Common name Description Species Results % DNA
Fish and invertebrates Myxozoans Parasytic cnidarians infecting fish, crustaceans and worms. 16 species screened ND
Fish Parasitic Monogean flatworms (Skin & Gill flukes) Monogeans are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. 116 species screened ND
Fish Trichodina Parasitic ciliates infecting fish skin and gills, responsible for the disease Trichodinosis. 12 species screened ND
Coral Parasitic coral copepods Copepods that parasitize or feed on corals. 5 species screened ND
Coral Coral snail Family of snails feeding on coral tissue and can be a vector for disease. 34 species screened ND
Coral Phestilla Coral-eating nudibranchs that feed on Montipora and other corals. 5 species screened ND
Coral Acropora-eating flat worm Coral-eating flatworms that feed on corals in the genus Acropora. Prosthiostomum acroporae Detected 1.20400%
Clam Turbonilla Parasitic snails that infect giant clams. 3 species screened ND
Fish Hexamita Hexamita is a protozoan parasite that can cause lesions in the head and is linked to head and lateral line disease. 1 species screened ND
Fish Fish louse Parasitic crustaceans feeding on fish mucus, skin and blood. Can be vectors for other diseases. 5 species screened ND
Fish Gill louse Parasitic copepods infecting gills of fish. 9 species screened ND
Fish Fish leach Marine leach feeding on fish blood. 1 species screened ND
Fish Eye flukes Neobenedenia flatworks infect the skin and eyes of marine fish. 2 species screened ND
Fish Roundworms Parasitic nematodes from the Anisakidae family. Live and feed off internal tissues of fish and mammals. Can infect humans if ingested. 17 species screened ND
Invertebrates Apicomplexan parasites This group specializes on invertebrate hosts (crustaceans, polychaetes), inhabiting their intestines, body cavity and reproductive organs. 6 species screened ND
Fish Cryptobia Cryptobia species are parasitic flagellates that can cause disease in fish, leading to anemia, weight loss, and granulomatous inflammation, potentially leading to death. 5 species screened ND
Fish Tongue-eating louse Parasitic isopod that attaches to fish tongue, and in some cases, it can replace the fish's tongue, feeding on the host's blood or mucus. 2 species screened ND
Fish Tapeworms Grillotia, a genus of tapeworm that infect various fish species. They embed themselves in the fish's muscles, subcutaneous tissue, and fins leading to fibrosis and tissue damage. 6 species screened ND
Fish Blood Fluke Blood flukes (trematodes) infect the circulatory system of fish. Infestation can cause lesions and inflammation in the heart and gills. Increased infection load can cause mortality. 5 species screened ND
Fish Spironucleus This flagellate parasite is a relative of Hexamita. It's an opportunistic parasite that lives in the gut of fish and can cause Spironucleosis. 4 species screened ND
Coral Zoanthid-eating nudibranch Coral-eating nudibranchs that feed on Zoanthids and Palythoa. Some also feed on anemones. 2 species screened ND
Coral Corallicolid parasites A recently-described group of apicomplexan parasites that infect coral tissue. 3 species screened ND

Pests

Pests are unwanted organisms that can disrupt the balance of an aquarium ecosystem. They may compete with other aquarium inhabitants for resources. While not always directly harmful, they can lead to stress, damage, or population imbalances in the tank.

3 of 49 screened organisms detected

Common name Description Species Results % DNA
Aiptasia Aiptasia anemones can be highly invasive in aquariums. They will sting neighbouring corals. Although they are photosynthetic, they can also feed on small aquarium prey. Aiptasia pulchella Detected 1.10000%
Vermetid snails Can affect coral growth and morphology. Mucus can irritate corals. Competes with hard corals for calcium when overpopulated. Vermetus biperforatus Detected 0.01400%
Fire worm Fireworms are predatory bristle worms that are known to feed on invertebrates in your tank. Their bristles can cause a painful reaction if touched. Eurythoe complanata Detected 0.02000%
See full screening table (49 organisms screened, 3 detected)
Common name Description Species Results % DNA
Aiptasia Aiptasia anemones can be highly invasive in aquariums. They will sting neighbouring corals. Although they are photosynthetic, they can also feed on small aquarium prey. Aiptasia pulchella Detected 1.10000%
Vermetid snails Can affect coral growth and morphology. Mucus can irritate corals. Competes with hard corals for calcium when overpopulated. Dendropoma corrodens Not detected 0.00000%
Dendropoma petraeum Not detected 0.00000%
Vermetus biperforatus Detected 0.01400%
Vermetus triquetrus Not detected 0.00000%
Vermetus bieleri Not detected 0.00000%
Petaloconchus sp Not detected 0.00000%
Thylaeodus sp Not detected 0.00000%
Petaloconchus erectus Not detected 0.00000%
Red planaria/Red flatworm (Acoel Flatworm) These flatworms are not considered parasitic but can bother corals when overpopulated. They can release toxins as they die, potentially harming the inhabitants. 8 species screened ND
Waminoa (Acoel Flatworm) The Flatworm Waminoa sp. can be a nuisance to soft and hard corals by infesting the polyps and feeding on the mucus. They are not considered parasitic but can bother corals when overpopulated. 2 species screened ND
Bryopsis Bryopsis is a macroalgae that can be invasive in aquariums, where it can smother corals and spread quickly. 2 species screened ND
Hair algae Hair algae is a general name for the appearance of many species of macroalgae. It can be a nuisance in aquariums, and smother corals if left unchecked. 4 species screened ND
Bubble algae Bubble-forming pest green macroalgae that can rapidly overgrow if left unchecked. 3 species screened ND
Asterina These little sea stars (Aquilonastra genus) primarily feed on algae, but some species have been reported to feed on corals when food is scarce. Can rapidly overpopulate. 2 species screened ND
Boring bivalves These species of bivalves create tunnels in live or dead coral skeleton. Can cause damage to coral tissue leading to stress, infection, or even death. 2 species screened ND
Fire worm Fireworms are predatory bristle worms that are known to feed on invertebrates in your tank. Their bristles can cause a painful reaction if touched. Chloeia Not detected 0.00000%
Hermodice carunculata Not detected 0.00000%
Amphinome rostrata Not detected 0.00000%
Eurythoe complanata Detected 0.02000%
Sea Spiders Seaspiders are marine arthropods that mainly feed on cnidaria. Several species feed on soft corals like Zoanthids and Palythoa. 2 species screened ND
Ribbon worm Known as nemerteans, they are carnivorous worms feeding on dead or live invertebrates and some claim they can prey on small fish. Several species are known to inject toxins to capture prey. 7 species screened ND
Clam worm A predatory polychaete worm feeding on molluscs (snails and clams) including Tridacna clams. Some report clam worms feed on LPS corals. 1 species screened ND

Harmful Algae Alert

Microalgae are a natural part of reef ecosystems, but certain species can become harmful in aquariums, releasing toxins that pose a risk to fish, corals, and invertebrates. These outbreaks are often triggered by excess nutrients, poor water flow, or imbalanced tank conditions.

This test detects the presence of known toxin-producing microalgae species. Their presence alone does not necessarily indicate immediate harm, but it confirms that these species exist in your aquarium. If they proliferate to significant levels, they could pose risks to reef inhabitants, pets, or even humans. This test serves as an early warning, allowing you to take proactive measures to maintain a healthy and stable aquarium environment.

6 of 84 screened organisms detected

Algae Genus Toxins produced Effects Species Results % DNA
Dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae) Prorocentrum Okadaic Acid (OA), Dinophysistoxins (DTX) Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP). Bioaccumulates in shellfish, toxic to filter feeders. Prorocentrum unclassified Detected 2.74600%
Prorocentrum concavum Detected 2.74600%
Coolia Cooliatoxins Can cause ciguatera-like poisoning. Coolia unclassified Detected 0.00800%
Coolia cf.canariensis Detected 0.00800%
Ostreopsis Palytoxins (PLTX) Respiratory distress in marine mammals, fish mortality. Ostreopsis unclassified Detected 0.00200%
Ostreopsis ovata Detected 0.00200%
See full screening table (84 organisms screened, 6 detected)
Algae Genus Toxins produced Effects Species Results % DNA
Dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae) Amphidinium Polyketide compounds: Amphidinolides and Amphidinols Toxins can damage fish gills (respiratory failure), induce systemic stress and immune suppression. Toxins harm fish, invertebrates and zooplankton. 6 species screened ND
Gambierdiscus Ciguatoxins (CTX), Maitotoxins (MTX) Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP) in marine food chains. 9 species screened ND
Alexandrium Saxitoxins (STX) Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP), affects fish, bivalves, and marine mammals. 12 species screened ND
Karenia Brevetoxins (BTX) Causes Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP), respiratory distress in marine mammals, massive fish kills. 3 species screened ND
Dinophysis Okadaic Acid (OA), Dinophysistoxins (DTX), Pectenotoxins (PTXs) Causes Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP), toxic to bivalves. 8 species screened ND
Prorocentrum Okadaic Acid (OA), Dinophysistoxins (DTX) Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP). Bioaccumulates in shellfish, toxic to filter feeders. Prorocentrum unclassified Detected 2.74600%
Prorocentrum aff.emarginatum Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum balticum Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum cf.sculptile Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum concavum Detected 2.74600%
Prorocentrum cordatum Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum dentatum Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum elegans Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum emarginatum Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum foraminosum Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum gracile Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum hoffmannianum Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum koreanum Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum lima Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum malayense Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum micans Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum obtusidens Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum panamense Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum redfieldii Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum rhathymum Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum shikokuense Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum spinulentum Not detected 0.00000%
Prorocentrum tsawwassenense Not detected 0.00000%
Coolia Cooliatoxins Can cause ciguatera-like poisoning. Coolia unclassified Detected 0.00800%
Coolia cf.canariensis Detected 0.00800%
Coolia malayensis Not detected 0.00000%
Coolia monotis Not detected 0.00000%
Coolia palmyrensis Not detected 0.00000%
Coolia tropicalis Not detected 0.00000%
Ostreopsis Palytoxins (PLTX) Respiratory distress in marine mammals, fish mortality. Ostreopsis unclassified Detected 0.00200%
Ostreopsis cf.heptagona Not detected 0.00000%
Ostreopsis ovata Detected 0.00200%
Cochlodinium/Margalefidinium Hemolytic toxins Can cause massive fish kills, damages gills. 1 species screened ND
Azadinium Azaspiracids (AZA) Causes Azaspiracid Shellfish Poisoning (AZP), bioaccumulates in bivalves. 4 species screened ND
Karlodinium Karlotoxins Hemolytic, cytotoxic, and ichthyotoxic. Damages fish gills and can lead to fish kills. 1 species screened ND
Haptophytes (Prymnesiophytes) Prymnesium Prymnesins Can cause mortality in marine organisms. Disrupts gill function. 2 species screened ND
Chrysochromulina Hemolytic toxins Fish and invertebrate mortality. 1 species screened ND
Raphidophytes (Haptophyta) Heterosigma Hemolytic toxins, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Causes fish kills by damaging gills and tissues. 2 species screened ND
Chattonella Brevetoxins (BTX-like), Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Lethal to fish, respiratory distress. 3 species screened ND

These species are known to cause harmful algae blooms (HAB). The Toxic Algae Alert indicates whether toxin-producing harmful algae are present in your aquarium. These species could pose a risk to inhabitants if present in high numbers (an algae bloom). A positive result does not indicate an immediate danger to your aquarium's inhabitants or to yourself.


Community Composition (eDNA)

The chart shows the relative number of distinct sequences found in your sample and their related taxonomy.

Community composition by class — PXXXXX (hover a block for its full taxon name)

Anthozoa (Corals & anemones)Anthozoa (Corals & anemones)Dinophyceae (Dinoflagellates)Dinophyc…Dothideomycetes (Fungi)Dothideo…Calcarea (Sponges)Cal…Gastropoda (Snails & slugs)Gas…Spirotrichea (Ciliates)Eurotiomycetes (Fungi)Demospongiae (Sponges)Sordariomycetes (Fungi)Magnoliopsida (Flowering plants)Bivalvia (Clams & mussels)MalasseziomycetesAngiospermae (Flowering plants)Actinopteri (Bony fish)AgaricostilbomycetesEchinoidea (Sea urchins)DipodascomycetesEudicotyledonaeUlvophyceae (Green algae)
Anthozoa (Corals & anemones)
Dinophyceae (Dinoflagellates)
Dothideomycetes (Fungi)
Calcarea (Sponges)
Gastropoda (Snails & slugs)
Spirotrichea (Ciliates)
Eurotiomycetes (Fungi)
Demospongiae (Sponges)
Sordariomycetes (Fungi)
Magnoliopsida (Flowering plants)
Bivalvia (Clams & mussels)
Malasseziomycetes
Angiospermae (Flowering plants)
Actinopteri (Bony fish)
Agaricostilbomycetes
Echinoidea (Sea urchins)
Dipodascomycetes
Eudicotyledonae
Ulvophyceae (Green algae)

Other organisms detected in your sample

Anthozoa (Corals & anemones) (76.832% of reads, 26 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Lobophyllia recta Lobophylliidae 59.47937%
Heliofungia actiniformis Fungiidae 7.24448%
Palythoa heliodiscus Sphenopidae 2.54061%
Mycedium robokaki Pectiniidae 2.12895%
Australomussa rowleyensis Mussidae 1.82625%
Goniopora lobata Poritidae 1.04530%
Entacmaea quadricolor Actiniidae 0.81324%
Blastomussa vivida Mussidae 0.55494%
Plerogyra sinuosa Euphylliidae 0.21996%
Pocillopora damicornis Pocilloporidae 0.16144%
Echinophyllia aspera Pectiniidae 0.13319%
Palythoa sp. Sphenopidae 0.12713%
Palythoa sp2 Sphenopidae 0.10897%
Cycloseris costulata Fungiidae 0.09283%
Dipsastraea matthaii Merulinidae 0.07466%
Pectinia lactuca Pectiniidae 0.06861%
Acanthastrea hillae Lobophylliidae 0.05045%
Homophyllia sp. Lobophylliidae 0.03632%
Micromussa sp. Lobophylliidae 0.03632%
Micromussa lordhowensis Lobophylliidae 0.02623%
Homophyllia australis Lobophylliidae 0.02018%
Goniopora lobata Poritidae 0.02018%
Lobophyllia radians(P000106) Lobophylliidae 0.01413%
Blastomussa wellsi Mussidae 0.00404%
Lobophyllia radians Mussidae 0.00202%
Dipsastraea cf. maxima DH-2011 Merulinidae 0.00202%

Dinophyceae (Dinoflagellates) (5.398% of reads, 7 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Prorocentrum concavum Prorocentraceae 2.73030%
Symbiodinium sp. Symbiodiniaceae 2.32469%
Symbiodiniaceae Symbiodiniaceae 0.21390%
Prorocentrum emarginatum Prorocentraceae 0.08879%
Symbiodinium sp. Symbiodiniaceae 0.02018%
Amphidinium fijiense Amphidiniaceae 0.01413%
Ostreopsis ovata Ostreopsidaceae 0.00605%

Dothideomycetes (Fungi) (2.938% of reads, 7 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Hortaea werneckii Teratosphaeriaceae 2.78478%
Alternaria sp. Pleosporaceae 0.04440%
Eupenidiella venezuelensis Teratosphaeriaceae 0.03632%
Phaeophleospora hymenocallidicola Mycosphaerellaceae 0.02422%
Neodevriesia sp. Neodevriesiaceae 0.02220%
Acrocalymma medicaginis Acrocalymmaceae 0.02018%
Cladosporium sphaerospermum Cladosporiaceae 0.00605%

Calcarea (Sponges) (0.902% of reads, 3 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Clathrina clathrus Clathrinidae 0.76682%
Clathrina sp. n. 15 MK-2013 Clathrinidae 0.11301%
Ernstia sp. Clathrinidae 0.02220%

Gastropoda (Snails & slugs) (0.385% of reads, 4 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Diodora sp. Fissurellidae 0.32489%
Stomatella impertusa Trochidae 0.04440%
Astralium tentorium Turbinidae 0.00807%
Scissurella sp. Scissurellidae 0.00807%

Spirotrichea (Ciliates) (0.339% of reads, 5 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Holosticha sp. Holostichidae 0.14529%
Strombidiidae Strombidiidae 0.13117%
Pseudoamphisiellidae Pseudoamphisiellidae 0.04843%
Protogastrostyla pulchra Oxytrichidae 0.01009%
Epiclintes auricularis Epiclintidae 0.00404%

Eurotiomycetes (Fungi) (0.089% of reads, 4 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Penicillium longicatenatum Aspergillaceae 0.04036%
Aspergillus sp. Aspergillaceae 0.02825%
Penicillium vancouverense Aspergillaceae 0.01211%
Penicillium steckii Aspergillaceae 0.00807%

Demospongiae (Sponges) (0.054% of reads, 2 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Unclassified Demospongiae 0.03027%
Pseudoceratina purpurea Pseudoceratinidae 0.02422%

Magnoliopsida (Flowering plants) (0.018% of reads, 1 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Cicer arietinum Fabaceae 0.01816%

Sordariomycetes (Fungi) (0.016% of reads, 1 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Parengyodontium sp. Cordycipitaceae 0.01614%

Bivalvia (Clams & mussels) (0.010% of reads, 1 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Tridacna maxima Cardiidae 0.01009%

Malasseziomycetes (0.006% of reads, 1 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Malassezia restricta Malasseziaceae 0.00605%

Angiospermae (Flowering plants) (0.004% of reads, 1 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Sesamum indicum Pedaliaceae 0.00404%

Actinopteri (Bony fish) (0.004% of reads, 1 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Ctenochaetus strigosus Acanthuridae 0.00404%

Agaricostilbomycetes (0.004% of reads, 1 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Sterigmatomyces halophilus Agaricostilbaceae 0.00404%

Echinoidea (Sea urchins) (0.004% of reads, 1 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Mespilia globulus Temnopleuridae 0.00404%

Dipodascomycetes (0.004% of reads, 1 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Starmerella etchellsii Trichomonascaceae 0.00404%

Eudicotyledonae (0.002% of reads, 1 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Camellia sinensis Theaceae 0.00202%

Ulvophyceae (Green algae) (0.002% of reads, 1 taxa)

Species name Family (Relative abundance)
Ulva brisbanensis Ulvaceae 0.00202%

This report is designed to help you make informed decisions about your aquarium's health. Results are based on advanced DNA sequencing and are intended to give a comprehensive understanding of the current eukaryote status in your aquarium. While the information is accurate and scientifically backed, it is not a substitute for advice from an aquatic specialist or aquatic veterinarian.

Relative abundance is not biomass. All abundance values in this report are the fraction of sequencing reads assigned to a given reference, not a direct measure of organism biomass or cell count. ITS gene copy number can vary across taxa, so two organisms present in equal biomass can yield different read fractions.